YCOB
三硼酸氧鈣釔,YCa4O(BO3)3(YCOB)晶體為一種非線性晶體，其非線性光學(xué)系數(shù)與BBO和LBO晶體相當(dāng)，具有穩(wěn)定的物化性能(不潮解)和良好的機(jī)械加工性能，并且可以通過提拉法在較短的周期內(nèi)獲得，已成為目前研究最為廣泛的非線性光學(xué)晶體之一。由于YCOB晶體具有易生長高光學(xué)質(zhì)量大單晶、透光波段寬、相位匹配范圍大、損傷閥值高、不潮解等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，目前已成為頻率轉(zhuǎn)換器件的研究熱點(diǎn)。由于Y可以和大多數(shù)稀土激活離子以任何比例替換，使晶體同時(shí)具備激光和非線性光學(xué)性質(zhì)從而成為激光自倍頻晶體。YCOB晶體最大的優(yōu)勢就是兼具優(yōu)良非線性光學(xué)吸收和可以制備出大口徑器件。
特點(diǎn)
- 電阻率高；
- 各向異性較小；
- 熱膨脹系數(shù)小；
- 溫度接受度高；
- 較少的參數(shù)發(fā)光；
- 激光誘導(dǎo)損傷閾值高；
物化性能
| 晶體結(jié)構(gòu) | 單斜，點(diǎn)群m |
| 晶格參數(shù) | a=8.0770 ?, b=16.0194 ? , c=3.5308 ? ,? β=101.167o, Z=2 |
| 熔點(diǎn) | 大約1510oC |
| 莫氏硬度 | 6~6.5 |
| 密度 | 3.31 g/cm3 |
| 導(dǎo)熱系數(shù) | 2.6 W/m/K (||X), 2.33 W/m/K (||Y), 3.1 W/m/K (||Z) |
YCOB晶體中有效二階非線性光學(xué)效應(yīng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)值（SHG，Ⅰ型，1.0642μm→0.5321μm）
| 相位匹配方向 | deff [pm/V] |
| θ =90?,Φ=35.3? (XY plane) | 0.39 |
| θ =90?,Φ=35? (XY plane) | 0.42 |
| θ =31.7?,Φ=0? (XZ plane) | 0.78 |
| 1.03 | |
| θ =148.3?,Φ=0? (XZ plane) | 1.36 |
| 1.44 | |
| θ =65?,Φ=36.5? | 1.14 |
| θ =65.9?,Φ=36.5? | 0.91 |
| θ =66.3?,Φ=143.5? | 1.45 |
| θ =67?,Φ=143.5? | 1.73 |
| θ =66?,Φ=145? | 1.8 |
| 在YCOB晶體中，deff的特性包括反射鏡和反演對稱性。 這意味著可以通過選擇兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的象限來完全描述deff的空間分布，例如（0°＜θ＜90°，0°＜Φ＜90°）和（0°＜θ＜90°，90 °＜Φ＜180°）。此后，這兩個(gè)象限的每個(gè)（θ，Φ）方向的deff值等于（180°-θ，180°-Φ）方向的deff值，反之亦然。 例如，方向（θ＝ 33°，? ＝ 9°）和（θ＝ 147°，Φ＝ 171°）具有相等的deff值。 | |
YCOB主平面SHG、SFG內(nèi)角帶寬的實(shí)驗(yàn)值
| 相互作用波長[μm] | Φpm [deg] | θpm [deg] | Δ?int[deg] | Δθint[deg] |
| XY plane, θ =90? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| ? ? ? ? ? SHG, o+o ? e | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| 1.0642?0.5321 | 35 | ? | 0.09 | ? |
| ? ? ? ? ?SHG, e+o ? e | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| 1.0642?0.5321 | 73.4 | ? | 0.32 | ? |
| ? ? ? ? ? SFG, o+o ? e | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| 1.0642+0.5321?0.3547 | 73.2 | ? | 0.11 | ? |
| YZ plane, φ =90? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| ? ? ? ? ? SHG, e+o ? o | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| 1.0642?0.5321 | ? | 58.7 | ? | 0.74 |
| ? ? ? ? ? SFG, e+e ? o | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| 1.0642+0.5321?0.3547 | ? | 58.7 | ? | 0.19 |
| XZ plane, Φ=0?,θ | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| ? ? ? ? ? ?SHG, o+o ? e | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| 1.0642?0.5321 | ? | 31.7 | ? | 0.08 |
相位匹配角實(shí)驗(yàn)值（T=293K）
| 相互作用波長[μm] | Φexp[deg] |
| XY plane, θ=90? | |
| SHG, o+o → e | |
| 1064 → 532 | 35 |
| 738 → 369 | 77.3 |
| SHG, type Ⅰ, along Y | |
| 724 → 362 | 90 |
| SFG, o+o → e | |
| 1064+532 → 355 | 75.2 |
| SHG, type Ⅱ, along Y | |
| 1030 → 515 | 90 |
| SFG, e+o → e | |
| 1908+1064 → 683 | 81.2 |
光譜
 | 
|
| 藍(lán)線是SHG后的光譜強(qiáng)度。 紅線是Wizzler測得的相位 | 藍(lán)線是SHG之后的脈沖FTL形狀。 紅線是Wizzler測量的時(shí)間形狀。 |
 | 
|
| 通過基于BBO晶體的第一階段（黑色實(shí)線）和基于YCOB晶體的第二階段（紅色實(shí)線）獲得的OPA光譜。 | YCOB晶片的X射線搖擺曲線 |
| |
| YCOB晶體的透射光譜 | |
參考文獻(xiàn)
| [1]? Zhong D ,? Bing T ,? Kong W , et al. Effect of disordered structure and crystal defects on heat transfer behavior in Er:Yb: YCa4O(BO3)3 crystal[J]. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 2018, 124:121-129. |
| [2]? Tu X ,? Zheng Y ,? Xiong K , et al. Crystal growth and characterization of 4 in. YCa4O(BO3)(3) crystal[J]. Journal of Crystal Growth, 2014, 401(sep.1):160-163. |
| [3]? Segonds P ,? Boulanger B , B Ménaert, et al. Optical characterizations of YCa4O(BO3)3 and NdlYCa4O(BO3)3 crystals[J]. Optical Materials, 2007, 29(8):975-982. |
| [4]? Fujimoto Y ,? Yanagida T ,? Yokota Y , et al. Scintillation and optical properties of Pb-doped YCa 4O(BO 3) 3 crystals[J]. Nuclear Inst & Methods in Physics Research A, 2011, 652(1):238-241. |
| [5]? Goldner P ,? Guillot-No?L O ,? Higel P . Optical bistability in Yb3+:YCa4O(BO3)3 crystal[J]. Optical Materials, 2004, 26(3):281-286. |
| [6]? Hammons D A ,? Eichenholz J M ,? Ye Q , et al. Laser action in Yb3+: YCOB (Yb3+:YCa4O(BO3)3)[J]. Optics Communications, 1998, 156(4):327-330. |
| [7]? Kalidasan M ,? Kumar R A ,? Asokan K , et al. Effect of 120 MeV Au9+ ion irradiation on structural, optical and dielectric properties of YCa4O(BO3)3 nonlinear optical crystal[J]. Nuclear Inst & Methods in Physics Research B, 2012, 280(Jun.1):134-139. |
| [8]? A H Z ,? A H W ,? A Y W , et al. Properties of single crystal piezoelectric Ca 3 TaGa 3 Si 2 O 14 and YCa 4 O(BO 3 ) 3 resonators at high-temperature and vacuum conditions[J]. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2014, 216(3):167-175. |
| [9]? Ye Q ,? Chai B . Crystal growth of YCa4O(BO3)3 and its orientation[J]. Journal of Crystal Growth, 1999, 197(s 1–2):228–235. |
| [10]? J. T , Ingle, and, et al. Combustion synthesis and optical properties of Oxy-borate phosphors YCa4O(BO3)3:RE3+ (RE=Eu3+, Tb3+) under UV, \\{VUV\\} excitation[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2014, 585(1):633-636. |
| [11]? Shah L ,? Ye Q ,? Eichenholz J M , et al. Laser tunability in Yb 3+:YCa 4O(BO 3) 3 {Yb:YCOB}[J]. Optics Communications, 1999, 167(1-6):149-153. |
| [12]? Sano H ,? Matsumoto T ,? Matsumoto Y , et al. A combinatorial approach to the discovery and optimization of YCa 4O(BO 3) 3-based luminescent materials[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2006, 252(7):2493-2496. |
| [13]? Krishnakumar V ,? Nagalakshmi R . Polarised infrared and Raman studies of YCa4O(BO3)3 a non-linear optical single crystal[J]. Spectrochimica Acta Part A Molecular & Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2004, 60(12):2733-2739. |
| [14]? Jiang H , J Wang,? Zhang H , et al. Spectral and luminescent properties of Yb3+ ions in YCa4O(BO3)3 crystal[J]. CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS, 2002. |
| [15]? Jang W K ,? Ye Q ,? Eichenholz J , et al. Second harmonic generation in Yb doped YCa4O(BO3)3[J]. Optics Communications, 1998, 155(4-6):332-334. |
| [16]? Wang K M ,? Hui H ,? Chen F , et al. Refractive index profiles in YCa 4O(BO 3) 3 and Nd:YCa 4O(BO 3) 3 waveguides created by MeV He ions[J]. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research, 2002, 191(1):789-793. |
| [17] Investigation on intracavity second-harmonic generation at 1.06 μm in YCa4O(BO3)3 by using an end-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser[J]. Optics Communications, 2000. |
| [18]? Du C ,? Wang Z ,? Xu G , et al. Diode-end-pumped solid-state ultraviolet laser based on intracavity third-harmonic generation of 1.06mum in YCa4O(BO3)3 crystal[C]// Iumrs International Conference on Electronic Materials Iumrs-icem. 2002. |
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